AI ObservatoryCosta Rica

Judicial Branch

Judicial Branch

Official website
6
live
0
pilots
0
planned

Executive summary

The Costa Rican public institution with the broadest portfolio of AI in production: six live systems covering document classification, payment automation, budget forecasting, data protection, case-law analysis and citizen support. It published the Basic Guidelines for Authorized Generative AI Use, which frame AI as a support tool, never a substitute for legal judgment.

AI projects (6)

Document classification for debt collection

Live

AI system for automated classification of judicial documents, operational since 2023 at the Specialized Debt Collection Court of Pérez Zeledón (Judicial Branch). The system processes debt-collection case files without manual intervention, applying classification models to incoming court documents, and serves as the base layer of the judicial automation ecosystem that also includes the Continuous Disbursement System. As of 2025, it has processed 1,302,899 documents, with a measured reduction of the open caseload in debt collection.

Live since: 2023

ML model for budget execution forecasting

Live

Machine learning model for budget execution forecasting at the Judicial Branch, operational since 2019 and extended to over 60 institutional management centers. The system analyzes historical spending patterns to project future execution, enabling centers to adjust budget commitments in advance. It has accumulated quantified savings exceeding ₡100 million and is the oldest AI application with measured financial returns in the Costa Rican public sector.

Live since: 2019

Anonymization with Nymiz

Live

Automated anonymization system for personal data in judicial documents, implemented by the Judicial Branch since 2023 using the Nymiz tool. It operates on the documentary corpus of rulings and case files to suppress or mask identifiable information before public disclosure, in compliance with Law 8968 on the Protection of Individuals Regarding the Processing of Their Personal Data and its institutional regulation. It is the only AI application in the Costa Rican public sector specifically aimed at data protection regulatory compliance.

Live since: 2023

AI analysis of Constitutional Chamber rulings

Live

Computational analysis project using machine learning on the historical corpus of Constitutional Chamber (Sala IV) rulings from 1989-2018, developed through a three-way partnership between the Judicial Branch, the Legal Research Institute (IIJ) at the University of Costa Rica, and the State of the Nation Program. Published in 2025, it processed 433,043 rulings to identify thematic patterns, jurisprudential trends, and frequencies of constitutional matters over three decades, constituting the first documented application of data science to legal research in Costa Rica.

Live since: 2025

Continuous Disbursement System

Live

Judicial Branch payment automation system operational since 2024, designed to process monthly debt-collection disbursements under ¢100,000 without manual review by officials. It operates as a transactional layer on top of the existing AI document classifier: once a document is classified and the case file updated, the system executes the disbursement autonomously. In 2024 it processed 223,154 disbursements totaling ¢5,245 million (approximately USD 10 million), making it the only nationwide payment automation in the Costa Rican public sector with directly quantified fiscal impact.

Live since: 2024

ChatbotPJ — Citizen virtual assistant

Live

24/7 citizen-facing chatbot that relieves load from the Judicial Branch’s phone line. No-appointment access for queries on judicial procedures and services.

Live since: 2018

Adoption lessons

The Judicial Branch did not lead through a dedicated AI budget but through early specialization (budget ML since 2019), partnerships with public academia (UCR and the Institute of Legal Research) and its own governance framework published ahead of any national law.